A Member of Parliament (MP) is the representative of the voters to a parliament. In many countries with bicameral parliaments, this category includes specifically members of the lower house, as upper houses often have a different title, such as senate, and thus also have different titles for its members, such as senator.
Members of parliament tend to form parliamentary groups (also called parliamentary parties) with members of the same political party.
Westminster system[]
Ireland[]
A Member of Parliament was a member of the pre-1801 Irish House of Commons of the Parliament of Ireland. Irish members elected to the House of Commons of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland were also called Members of Parliament from 1801 to 1922.
Northern Ireland continues to elect MPs to the Parliament of the United Kingdom.
Following the formation of the independent Irish Free State in 1922, members of the lower house of the Oireachtas (parliament), Dáil Éireann (or "the Dáil") are termed Teachtaí Dála (Teachta Dála singular) or TDs and are called a Deputy. The upper house is called Seanad Éireann and its members are called Senators.
Malaysia[]
- Main article: Parliament of Malaysia
The Malaysian Parliament is modelled on the Parliament of the United Kingdom and consists of two houses, the Dewan Rakyat (the House of Representatives) and Dewan Negara (the Senate). A Member of Parliament is called Wakil Rakyat.[1]
The members of the Dewan Rakyat are elected in general elections or by-elections, whereas the members of the Dewan Negara are appointed by the king, in recognition of outstanding service to their country or chosen by the states. Each state appoints a number of senators proportional to its size.
Members of Parliament are styled Yang Berhormat ("Honourable") with the initials Y.B. appended prenominally. A prince who is a member of parliament is styled Yang Berhormat Mulia.
Singapore[]
- Main article: Retiring MPs
- Main article: MP Redeployments
Member of Parliament refers to elected members of the Parliament of Singapore, the appointed Non-Constituency members of parliament from the opposition, as well as the Nominated members of parliament, who may be appointed from members of the public who have no connection to any political party in Singapore.
These are the outside visits that Timothy Mok has spotted:
| Date | Area | Member of Parliament |
|---|---|---|
| 27 April 2014 (Sunday) | Riverlife Church | Heng Swee Keat, Baey Yam Keng, Teo Ser Luck, Teo Chee Hean |
| 30 July 2016 (Saturday) | Enabling Village | Tan Chuan-Jin, Denise Phua |
| 7 August 2016 (Sunday) | New Tampines City | Heng Swee Keat, Baey Yam Keng, Masagos Zulkilfi, Cheng Li-Hui, Desmond Choo |
| February 2017 | Tampines Block 123 (House Visit) | Desmond Choo |
| 29 July 2017 (Saturday) | Pasir Ris Park | Teo Chee Hean |
| 6 August 2017 (Sunday) | New Tampines City | Heng Swee Keat, Baey Yam Keng, Masagos Zulkilfi, Cheng Li-Hui, Desmond Choo |
| 8 September 2019 (Sunday) | Enabling Village | Sam Tan, Denise Phua |
| 5 February 2022 (Saturday) | Tampines Block 114 (House Visit) | Desmond Choo |
| 7 January 2023 (Saturday) | Bedok Block 59 | Heng Swee Keat |
| 14 January 2023 (Saturday) | Bedok Interchange Market & Food Centre | Tan Kiat How |
| 10 June 2023 (Saturday) | Kallang Wave | Nadia Ahmad Samdin |
| 22 July 2023 (Saturday) | Kallang Wave | Edwin Tong |
| 17 April 2024 (Wednesday) | Tampines West CC | Eric Chua |
| 25 April 2024 (Thursday) | China Square Central | Eric Chua |
| 11 May 2024 (Saturday) | New Tampines City | Eric Chua |
| 12 May 2024 (Sunday) | Bedok Interchange Market & Food Centre | Heng Swee Keat |
| 25 May 2024 (Saturday) | Gardens by the Bay | Lawrence Wong |
| 22 October 2024 (Tuesday) | Art Jam @ Science Park | Rachel Ong |
| 21 April 2025 (Monday) | Tampines Block 114 (House Visit) | Desmond Choo |
United Kingdom[]
Template:See also The United Kingdom contains members of three parliaments:
- the Parliament of the United Kingdom, with members elected to the (lower) House of Commons, referred to as Members of Parliament, abbreviated to MP;
- the European Parliament, with members elected for a five-year term, called Members of the European Parliament (MEP);
- the Scottish Parliament, with members elected every four years, called Members of the Scottish Parliament (MSP);
and two assemblies:
- the Northern Ireland Assembly, with members known as Members of the Legislative Assembly (MLA). Between 1921 and 1973, Northern Ireland was governed by the Parliament of Northern Ireland, whose members were known as Members of Parliament;
- the National Assembly for Wales, with 60 elected members called Assembly Member (AM) in English, Aelod y Cynulliad (AC) in Welsh.[2]
MPs are elected by the first-past-the-post system of election in general elections and by-elections to represent constituencies, and may remain MPs until Parliament is dissolved, which must occur within five years of the last general election, as laid down in the Parliament Act 1911.
A candidate to become an MP must be a British or Irish or Commonwealth citizen, over 18 (reduced from 21 in 2006), and not be a public official or officeholder, as set out in the schedule to the Electoral Administration Act 2006.[3]
MPs are technically forbidden to resign their seats (though not to refuse to seek re-election). To leave the house between elections voluntarily, an MP must accept a "paid office under the Crown". The Stewardship of the Chiltern Hundreds and the Manor of Northstead are such paid offices, allowing MPs to apply for one and thereby resign from the House. Accepting a salaried Ministerial office does not amount to a paid office under the Crown for these purposes.
The House of Lords is a legislative chamber that is part of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. Although they are part of the parliament, its members are referred to as peers, more formally as Lords of Parliament, not MPs. Lords Temporal sit for life, Lords Spiritual while they occupy their ecclesiastical positions. Hereditary peers may no longer pass on a seat in the House of Lords to their heir automatically. The 92 who remain have been elected from among their own number, following the House of Lords Act 1999 and, paradoxically, are the only elected members of the Lords.[4]
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ UK ParliamentTemplate:Dead link
- ↑ Electoral Administration Act 2006 Office of Public Sector Information
- ↑ House of Lords Reform UK Parliament