Alexander Dennis


 * Not to be confused with Dennis Alexander, an English footballer.



Alexander Dennis Limited (formerly known as TransBus International) is a Scottish bus building company. The largest bus and coach manufacturer in the United Kingdom, Alexander Dennis is one of the world’s fastest-growing bus builders, with manufacturing plants and partnerships in Australia, Canada, China, Europe, New Zealand and the United States.

It incorporated the three last surviving UK bus manufacturers which started bus production before the Second World War: Alexander, Dennis and Plaxton.

History
Alexander Dennis was formed as TransBus on 1 January 2001, after the merger of Mayflower Corporation-owned Dennis and Alexander, and Henlys-owned Plaxton, all based in the United Kingdom.

TransBus had a variety of factories around the United Kingdom from all three merged companies: the former Alexander factories at Falkirk, Scotland and Belfast, Northern Ireland, the former Plaxton factories at Anston and Scarborough, the former Northern Counties factory at Wigan, and the Dennis factory at Guildford.

At the height of TransBus, the company produced a range of both bus & coach chassis and bodies as well as fire engines. Included among its range of chassis were the Dennis Dart, one of the all-time best-selling buses in the UK, and the Dennis Trident. TransBus also produced export variants for service in New York City, Hong Kong, and other locations. The Dennis Trident is the most common bus model in service in London.

Since the creation of TransBus merged both Plaxton and Alexander, the TransBus range included Plaxton coaches as well as two double-decker bodies (the Plaxton President and the Alexander ALX400), the Alexander ALX300 citybus and the Pointer body built in quantity on the aforementioned Dennis Dart chassis, which replaced the Alexander ALX200 body built previously on a Dart chassis.

On 31 March 2004, the Mayflower Group was put into administration and by default TransBus also entered administration. On 17 May 2004, the Plaxton coach business was sold to its management and returned to its separate Plaxton identity (TransBus had been in the process of eradicating the traditional company names from the vehicles). Four days later, on 21 May 2004, the remaining part of TransBus (Alexander and Dennis) was bought by independent business men (one of whom was Brian Souter, owner of the Stagecoach Group, although the acquisition was kept separate from the bus and train operation). The new company became Alexander Dennis. The sale did not include the former Alexander Belfast plant, which later closed down.

On 26 January 2005, Alexander Dennis's Wigan plant was closed after finishing the orders of its President body.

Since the administration period and restructuring of the former TransBus International, Alexander Dennis has secured a number of major orders from UK operators, and is the favoured manufacturer of the Stagecoach Group. The company has also continued to find success in its predecessors' traditional markets of Hong Kong and the Republic of Ireland, with the Enviro500 securing orders in both markets, and the ALX400 double-deck body remaining the Dublin Bus standard vehicle until production ended in 2006.

Alexander Dennis is also building its share of the North American market, securing £25m worth of orders in 2005 for its Enviro500 model from customers in Victoria, British Columbia, New York City (open top models), San Francisco and Las Vegas.

The order book remained strong in the first quarter of 2006 and the company unveiled two new models, the Enviro400 double-decker and Enviro200 Dart midibus.

In early 2007, Colin Robertson replaced Jim Hastie as the CEO of Alexander Dennis. In May of that year Alexander Dennis purchased Plaxton, thus reuniting the two former TransBus businesses.

Alexander Dennis saw reduced orders due to the Financial crisis of 2007–2010, the company laid off almost 100 employees in Falkirk in spring 2009 and introduced short-time working in late 2009. But between 2009 and 2010, bus operators in England and Scotland received awards from the Green Bus Funds to encourage the purchase of more environment friendly buses, and several hybrid buses were ordered by organisations such as Stagecoach and Transport for London.

In May 2012, New Flyer Industries and Alexander Dennis Limited announced a new joint-venture to design and manufacture medium-duty low-floor bus (or midi bus) for the North American market. New Flyer will handle production and marketing, and Alexander Dennis will handle the engineering and testing.

In 7 June 2012, Alexander Dennis Limited acquired Custom Coaches, the Australian bus bodybuilders and bus seating manufacturers.

Complete diesel buses

 * Enviro200 Dart (2006–)
 * Enviro300 (2001–)
 * Enviro400 (2005–)
 * Enviro500 (2002–)

Complete hybrid electric buses

 * Enviro200H (midibus)
 * Enviro350H (full-size single-deck)
 * Enviro400H (double-deck, two-axle bus)
 * Enviro500H (double-deck, three-axle bus)

Bus bodies

 * CB30 (From Custom Coaches, 2000-)
 * CB80 (From Custom Coaches, 2009-)
 * SB50 (From Custom Coaches, 2010-)

Bus bodies

 * ALX200 (2001, originally made by Alexander, replaced by Enviro200/Enviro200 Dart)
 * Pointer (2001–2007, originally made by Plaxton, replaced by Enviro200 Dart)
 * ALX300 (2001-2007, originally Alexander, replaced by Enviro300)
 * ALX400 (2001-2006, originally Alexander, replaced by Enviro400)
 * President (2001-2005, originally Plaxton, replaced by Enviro400)
 * ALX500 (2001-2002, originally Alexander, replaced by Enviro500)
 * DM5000 (2001-2002, originally Duple Metsec, replaced by Enviro500)

Bus chassis

 * Dart SLF
 * Trident 2 (sold as Trident)
 * Trident 3

Complete buses (or chassis/body only)

 * Enviro200/200H (2003–2007)

Coach chassis

 * Javelin
 * R-Series

Fire appliance (Chassis and crew cab)
TransBus/Alexander Dennis built fire-fighting vehicles until 2007. The bodywork on a majority of the chassis are built by the sister company John Dennis Coachbuilders or other coachbuilders.
 * Sabre
 * Rapier
 * Dagger
 * RS
 * SS
 * DS
 * DFS